*Disclaimer: This is not medical advice and is only for general education purposes. If you have specific questions about ketones and your health, please consult your medical team.
One of the first things you learn about when receiving a new diagnosis of Type One is that ketones are bad. They can cause a lot of stress for both you and your child.
So what are ketones?
Ketones are a chemical that is produced by the body when fat cells are broken down (1). When the body doesn’t have enough carbohydrates (energy) to fuel itself it begins to break down fat cells in order to get that quick burst of energy. This can be caused by a variety of factors including fasting, exercise, or in the case of diabetes, a lack of insulin. Low levels of ketones are not uncommon as even people without Type One can have them. However, it becomes a problem when high levels of ketones begin to accumulate in the blood because ketones are an acid. If ketones are in someone with Type One are high, they run the risk of entering Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a life threatening medical emergency and is not something you should attempt to remedy at home. Seek immediate medical attention.
Where do ketones come from?
Ketones are secreted by the liver and travel through the body via the bloodstream to provide the body with energy. When your body is done using them it removes them through urine. (2)
What are the signs of high ketones? (2)
- Frequent urination
- Feeling extremely thirsty
- Dry Mouth
- Headache
- Stomach pain
- Fatigue
- Fruity smelling breath
How do you test for ketones?
There are several ways that you can test for ketones. This can be done with bloodwork at your doctor’s office, at home urine test strips, or even at home blood meters similar to a glucometer. We personally use the blood ketone meter from KetoMojo.
How can ketones be treated?
The way you treat ketones depends on how high your ketone levels are. Sometimes it can be treated at home by flushing them out with lots and lots of water and extra insulin. Other times you need a more aggressive approach to prevent DKA. If it are not sure what to do, contact your healthcare provider so they can advise you best on an individual basis.
(1) Diabetes UK https://www.diabetes.org.uk/guide-to-diabetes/managing-your-diabetes/ketones-and-diabetes
(2) https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/25177-ketones
(3) image taken from: https://www.txortho.com/whats-the-deal-with-ketones/
Type One Kids 